Gran Torino - Analytical Essay - 1060 Words

Analytical Essay - Gran Torino Sam Osborne Q. What kind of man is Walt Kowalski? Examine character development throughout the film Gran Torino? Clint Eastwood’s Gran Torino (2008) is a portrayal of human sacrifice and the racial intolerance that still exists in modern America. The film is set in a poor neighbourhood of Detroit. Clint Eastwood plays Walt Kowalski, a war veteran who has brooded over his experiences in the war for decades. Past trauma has caused him to believe that he cannot trust anyone, and he has therefore developed a deep racism. Eastwood uses many different techniques, including lighting, camera angles, and dialogue to show how the man Walt Kowalski develops throughout the film. Kowalski begins as an angry,†¦show more content†¦He then aims his gun at the gang, and drives them away. Kowalski says, â€Å"Get off my lawn†, and it is left ambiguous whether he is defending Thao’s family, or he simply just does not want anyone of a minority on his lawn. Once again, half of Kowalski’s face is shrouded by shadow, and at the same time the music reaches a climax, violins at an e xtremely high pitch, as if he is battling inner demons – whether to shoot or not. Eastwood compels the audience to think the Kowalski is a man struggling with his past, and that he can be volatile. Kowalski’s intolerance also finds its way into his relationship with his own family, specifically his relationship with his sons and their children. This is evident when one of his grandchildren, his son’s daughter asks, â€Å"So, what are you going to do with it [his car], when you, like, die†. This to Kowalski is exceedingly disrespectful, and makes him even more cynical and angry than he was before, as if proving him right that values are not as they should be. Kowalski also goes to the doctors, were he finds out that he has cancer. He then calls his son, trying to tell him. As Kowalski is struggling to say it, the camera pans over a photo of Kowalski and his wife, on their wedding day. Here, Eastwood indicated to the audience that Kowalski still misses his wife, and the past. It then shows Kowalski in the mirror, whilst on the phone. This shows that Kowalski is starting to reflect on his

Laissez-faire vs Government Intervention Essay - 1555 Words

Should our economy be run by a doctrine that was made popular by a group of French writers called physiocrats in the mid-1700s? This doctrine is called laissez-faire and it literally means to let or allow to do(The Family Education Network). It is a theory of economic policy which states that government generally should not interfere with decisions made in an open competitive market. These decisions include policies such as setting prices and wages. According to the doctrine of laissez-faire, workers are most productive and a nations economy functions most efficiently when people can pursue their own economic interest freely. The economy of the United States is no where close to being a laissez-faire system. In fact, government spending†¦show more content†¦This money movement is what creates jobs in the economy. quot;So, each persons money lost to taxes helps fail to create their part of a jobquot; (Kaz).nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Direct payments are another way in which the government attempts to help its producers. Deficiency payments, diversion payments, disaster payments, and marketing loans are all types of direct payments. Deficiency payments are payments based on the difference between the legislatively set target price and the lower national average market price during a specified time. Diversion payments are payments made to farmers who voluntarily reduce their planted acreage of a program crop and devote the land to a conservation use. Disaster payments are payments made to a producer when a disaster, such as a flood or drought, occurs and the producers crop is either destroyed or severely damaged. Marketing loans allow producers to repay nonrecourse loans at less than the announced loan rates whenever the world price or loan repayment rate for the commodity is less than the loan rate(Arthur amp; Mabbs-Zeno, 2). nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;There are many different types of input payments implemented by the government. They range from below-market grazing fees and below-cost rural electrification to fertilizer and irrigation subsidies to loan interest rebates. These input policies are designed to give the nations native producers an edge by making variousShow MoreRelatedEconomic Growth in the Late 19th Century Essay680 Words   |  3 PagesFrom the year 1865 to 1900 the United States government was attributed to following the standards of laissez-faire, an economic axiom in opposition of governmental moderation of or meddling in commerce beyond the merest essential for a free-enterprise organization to function according to its own economic regulations. The United States government took this stance of noninterference, however, apparent within the guiding principles concerning railroad land grants, management of interstate commerceRead MoreLaissez Faire Vs. State Intervention1467 Words   |   6 Pages1800s: Laissez-faire vs. State Intervention What does, exactly, ‘laissez-faire’ mean? According to the Oxford dictionary, this French term means literally ‘allow to do’, however, in nineteenth century Britain, this word was used to define a new policy of non-intervention in free market affairs by governments, in order to allow things to follow their own course without any external help, as suggested from some of the most famous economists of the era, as Adam Smith, his followers Thomas Robert MalthusRead MoreClassical Liberalism Is A Political Philosophy Originated1594 Words   |  7 Pagesdevelopment of liberalism. He wrote the first book of â€Å"philosophical significance.† Leviathan (1651) was based on Hobbes belief on equality, all individuals being equal, and everyone having the natural right to be free, and having a leader, a form of government with consent of the people. Hobbes was also the first to use the approach of natural rights, natural liberty, and state of nature. With those te rms, he wanted to emphasize his belief in equality, and the rights of the citizens to decide how to governRead MoreKayne vs Hayek1370 Words   |  6 PagesChanya Udomphorn ID# 5380040 Macroeconomics Mr. Rattakarn Komonrat Keynes vs. Hayek Macroeconomics is a branch of economics dealing with the performance, structure, behavior, and decision-making of the whole economy. Macroeconomists study aggregated indicators such as GDP, unemployment rates, and price indices to understand how the whole economy functions. They develop models that explain the relationship between such factors as national income, output, consumption, unemployment, inflationRead MoreThe Federalists Vs. Anti Federalists1525 Words   |  7 Pagesallowing a national government both with and for the people. Our current constitution was made possible by federalists like John Jay, Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and their supporters. Their contributions to the constitution are vital to the success that the Nation has attained. Without a moderate central government, America would not have its impeccable mixture of power, security, and freedom. If the Anti-Federalist had trumped the fight over the developing government, the United States ofRead MoreAdam S mith And Karl Marx s Views On The Deregulation Of University Fees3256 Words   |  14 Pagesbaker, that we can expect our dinner, but from their regard to their own interest† . Smith argued that this sort of behaviour results in a more productive and well-functioning society. 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Theories such as Social Darwinism, Gospel of Wealth and AdamRead MoreCivics Eoc Study Guide3283 Words   |  14 PagesEOC—STUDY GUIDE 1) The six purposes of government are to: keep order, provide security, settle conflicts, set policies, make budgets, and interact with other communities. 2) Different types of government a. Representative Democracy – the citizens choose a smaller group to represent them, make laws, and govern on their behalf, but the people remain the source of the government’s authority. b. Dictatorship – a government controlled by one person or a small group of people who make all decisions. cRead MoreEminent Domain Essay3812 Words   |  16 Pagesfounded? Eminent domain is the inherent power of the government to take over a citizens property for public use without the owners consent. Initially, this public policy originated in the Middle Ages throughout the world. 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The Impact Of Technology On European Society - 846 Words

Throughout history, existing technology has been modified or replaced by new technological innovations. These new technological innovations have had various effects on societies and the world. Most of the new technologies that are created are to make life much easier and and improve certain standards. Two inventions which have caused broad impacts are the printing press and the factory system. In 15th century, a man name Johannesburg Gutenberg impacted the European society in several ways by introducing the printing press. Before the printing press was introduced into the European society, most of all literature to be hand copied requiring long hours of hard work. Therefore, there was only limited number of books†¦show more content†¦This impacted the European society by causing the people of the society to not blindly accept whatever they hear from the. Church and to question it. This later on led to more awareness among the people and led to the Enlightenment. The print ing press indirectly helped people to know the truth by learning scientific facts instead of believing in whatever the higher authority said, like the sun is located in the middle of the universe and not the earth. Also, the news of scientific discoveries and advancement were known by everyone due to the fast printing press. Without the printing press, Luther’s ideas and other source of literature would not have spread as quickly as they did and may not have had as great impact. The second invention which is the development of the factory system had a profound impact as well. The invention of factory system, especially for textiles revolutionized the nature of work during the British Industrial Revolution. Before this invention, textiles and clothing were made by spinning and weaving in homes. To produce clothes, thread and fabrics had to be first created by laborers. However, when the factory system was introduced, the production of clothes became much faster. 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Decision Making From Non Medical Managers â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Cost Of Medical Decision Making From Non-Medical Managers? Answer: Introduction: Clinical decision making can be defined as the most fundamental part of any clinical practice, which enables the medical practitioner to take valid, logical and scientific decisions regarding the care planning and implementation of the interventions. In any clinical scenario, where a patient presents his or her medical complications, the very first course of action by the health care professional will require a logical clinical decision making. Therefore, the importance of the clinical decision making is paramount when it comes to the health care industry; although it also needs to be considered that this operations action is very tricky and a single mistake while making clinical critical decisions can cost the patient even his or her life (Allen et al., 2012). Hence, clinical decision making can be considered as the foundation based on which the treatment delivery and recovery of the patient will be carried on. However, a common misconception when discussing clinical decision making is that it only depends on the will of the health care professionals, like the nurses, doctors or so on (Park 2016). Though, the clinical decision making is the part of health care that is the most influenced sector, both by internal and external factors. This literature review will explore and evaluate these factors and will focus on one particular element which has been by far the most impactful on the health and wellbeing of the patients, the influence of the nonmedical managers. Literature review: Literature review is considered to be one of the most essential elements of any research study. It acts like a bridge between literature published previously and the aims and objectives of the present research study, validating the need for the research. This literature review will incorporate articles retrieved from databases like google scholar, PubMed, WebMD, and Medscape. 15 articles in total will be selected for this literature review and the selection criteria will mandate selection of journal articles published after 2012 and written in English language. Articles published before the selected timeline that are irrelevant to the research topic and published in other languages were rejected. Clinical decision making and its implication: By definition, clinical decision making is the unique process of devising the care strategy and implementation of it by a step by step action involving explicit patient information, pre-existing knowledge on the Pathological conditions of the patient, experiential nursing care and treatment, etc. It is considered to be the first step of the treatment procedure for any patient, the defenders reality of the medical complications and the patient is suffering from the complexity and criticality of clinical decision making increases (Bright et al., 2012). There are different models of clinical decision making; however two particular models are the most abundantly utilized all over the globe in healthcare settings. These models are information processing model and intuitive-humanist model, and both models have helped the health care professional make logical and scientifically reasonable decisions for the health and wellbeing of the patient (Allen et al., 2012). However, according to Crosk erry, 2013, a more recent addition to clinical decision making models is the theoretical multidimensional model that utilizes the evaluation of current literature and assessment of clinical research studies based on pseudo-clinical settings (Croskerry, 2013). This model allow the inexperienced nurses to explore the different aspects of clinical decision making before they have to take up the responsibility of the patients and caring for them. According to many research scientists, this new concept to clinical decision making is extremely beneficial and has successfully made the entire process of planning and implementing care very scientific, logical and patient-centred (Elwyn et al., 2012). Factors influencing clinical decision making As mentioned above in the assignment there are a number of different factors that influence the clinical decision making procedure. Elaborating more on these factors, one of the major factors are the patient preferences, with the patient centred care at the heart of the health care industry, patient preferences are given the highest priority (Park 2016). While, the benefits of the care plan and treatment setting being completely focussed around the specific needs and requirements of the patient, the downside of the same is the unrealistic demands of the patient which interferes with the care needed by the patient, and the Lee in their article approve of the same fact (Lee 2016). Another very important factor that influences the clinical decision making is the personal compatibility and competency of the health care professionals. According to the Jansen et al., 2011 in his article, a great proportion of the influence on the clinical decision making is based on the competency and comfort level of the health care professional, if a particular health care professional is not comfortable with a treatment procedure, statistics indicates that he or she will more likely abstain from making that clinical decision which will require him or her to engage in that particular activity, although this factor is only applicable while the safety and wellbeing of the patient is not being threatened majorly (MacLean et al., 2012). The last significant sector of factors that are responsible for the influence on the clinical decision making is by the rules and regulation of the health care facility, according to the authors, the particular set of regulations in the hospital often restricts the clinical decision maker from taking the adequate decisions (Croskerry 2013). In most cases the medical managers with the responsibility of managing and organizing the entire health care facility are under the task for maintaining the rules and regulations of the health care facilities. Their understanding although are non medical but this nonmedical influence on the clinical decision making is known to make the most substantial impact on the entre process (Tsai et al. 2016). The nonmedical managers and their influence: First and foremost it will need to be addressed, that the medical managers all managers of Healthcare facilities have the responsibility of maintaining the rules and regulations of the facility, organized and maintained the billing system, management of the treatment procedures in accordance to the socio economic status of the patient, package payment system associated with insurance coverage and government relief packages, and maintaining the quality and competency of the staff (Peek et al. 2016). It needs to be mentioned that the socio economic status of the patient often interferes with the adequate clinical decision making, and the medical manager is insurance on correlating the socio- economic status of the patient and the health care package that he can afford is the most substantial one (Croskerry 2017). Along with that the management policies that the Healthcare facilities has in place provide a tremendous pressure on the hospitals, administration, care team and the insurance companies, twin corporate all the regulatory management policies into the treatment packages. Hence the management decisions often differ from the need of clinical decision making that the patient might be under, administrative practices interfere with the adequate decision making. Now it has to be understood that are administrative department of the Healthcare facility will not understand the clinical needs and requirements of the patient with that magnitudes that a care professional or medical practitioner would (Thomson et al. 2017). According to Richter Sundberg, Garvare Nystrm 2016, the impact of non medical insurance on the clinical decision making mostly is detrimental on the health and safety of the patients (Richter Sundberg, Garvare Nystrm 2016). The patients often need to suffer the consequences of the Labs in clinical judgment due to a particular regulatory policy of the healthcare facility, on a particular care coverage that the patient was under, and the blame mostl y is bestowed on the health care team assigned to him. The McIntosh et al. 2016 in the article have discussed that the medical managers are the non clinical administrative staff never take into account the critical Health Care needs and requirements of the patient into consideration when dividing the care packages and billings, and the payment package system of healthcare delivery mandates the clinical decision makers to refrain from taking adequate clinical decision which will prioritize the patients health and safety (McIntosh et al. 2016). MacLean et al., 2012 have opined in their article that the importance of the clinical decision making is pivotal in the pattern health care follows in the current age, hence the need for reducing the impact of nonmedical influence has emerged a major concern for the health care regulatory authorities worldwide (MacLean et al. 2012). Evaluation: In order to evaluate the findings of this literature review we have to consider a few key points that were discovered. First and foremost, in order for the literature review to start the need for understanding and exploring what clinical; decision making was had been extremely important. This is what the article by Bright explained to us, the next requirement for this literature review to explain had been explore and describe the impact of clinical decision making in the healthcare sector, and the role that this aspect of the health care plays. Two articles by Croskerry and Elwyn helped us understand the impact of clinical decision making and the how it benefits the healthcare industry. The next sector for this literature review explored the different influential factor for the clinical decision making and a number of different articles helped in exploring each of the factors, such as the patient preferences, the physicians understanding of the patient needs and their competency, the infrastructure of the health care facility and most importantly the regulatory guidelines. Lastly the literature review explored the insurance the non medical factors associated with him cynical settings on the clinical decision making, for instance the administrative factors and the non medical managers (Evans et al. 2015). A number of different articles have provided valid and relatable data and information regarding the impact non-medical managers impact on the clinical decision making. There are also different factors associated with the influence that the non medical managers have on clinical decision making, the payment package for different patients, the socioeconomic status of the patient, the insurance cover, the infrastructure of the facility and the regulatory guidelines of the facility (MacLean et al. 2012). Hence it can be stated that the literature review had been successful in exploring all the different aspects associated with clinical decision making and the kind of influence that nonmedical interference can have. However, in order to validate the need for this literature review can be defined by the fact that the interference of the non medical managers on the clinical decision making is detrimental for the health and safety of the patients, and the recovery status of the patient bears the burn for this interference (Park 2016). There have not been enough data on the internet available to understand the impact of this administrative or non medical influence and this literature review bridges the gap left behind in the literature. Conclusion: On a concluding note it can be said that the impact of nonmedical influence on the clinical decision making is alarming; however there is no initiative from the health care authorities to address this frightening condition in health care. This literature review puts together al the available analytical studies and attempts to attract the attention of global and national authorities so that more in depth statistical studies are conducted on this issue and adequate actions are taken so that the patient do not need to suffer the consequences of lapse clinical judgment due to nonmedical influence. Reference: Allen, L.A., Stevenson, L.W., Grady, K.L., Goldstein, N.E., Matlock, D.D., Arnold, R.M., Cook, N.R., Felker, G.M., finance, G.S., Hauptman, P.J. Havranek, E.P., 2012. Decision making in advanced heart failure. Circulation, 125(15), pp.1928-1952. Bright, T.J., Wong, A., Dhurjati, R., Bristow, E., Bastian, L., Coeytaux, R.R., Samsa, G., Hasselblad, V., Williams, J.W., Musty, M.D. Wing, L., 2012. Effect of clinical decision-support systemsa systematic review. Annals of internal management, 157(1), pp.29-43. Croskerry, P., 2013. From mindless to mindful practicecognitive bias and clinical decision making. N Engl J Med, 368(26), pp.2445-8. Croskerry, P., 2017. Individual variability in clinical decision making and diagnosis. Diagnosis: Interpreting the Shadows. Oxford, UK: CRC Press, Taylor Francis Group. Elwyn, G., Frosch, D., Thomson, R., Joseph-Williams, N., Lloyd, A., Kinnersley, P., Cording, E., Tomson, D., Dodd, C., Rollnick, S. Edwards, A., 2012. Shared decision making: a model for clinical practice. Journal of general internal medicine, 27(10), pp.1361-1367. Evans, S.C., Roberts, M.C., Keeley, J.W., Blossom, J.B., Amaro, C.M., Garcia, A.M., Stough, C.O., Canter, K.S., Robles, R. and Reed, G.M., 2015. Vignette methodologies for studying clinicians decision-making: validity, utility, and application in ICD-11 field studies. International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, 15(2), pp.160-170. Jansen, J.P., Fleurence, R., Devine, B., Itzler, R., Barrett, A., Hawkins, N., Lee, K., Boersma, C., Annemans, L. Cappelleri, J.C., 2011. Interpreting indirect treatment comparisons and network meta-analysis for health-care decision making: report of the ISPOR Task Force on Indirect Treatment Comparisons Good Research Practices: part 1. Value in Health, 14(4), pp.417-428. MacLean, S., Mulla, S., Akl, E.A., Jankowski, M., Vandvik, P.O., Ebrahim, S., McLeod, S., Bhatnagar, N. Guyatt, G.H., 2012. Patient values and preferences in decision making for antithrombotic therapy: a systematic review: Antithrombotic Therapy and Prevention of Thrombosis: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines. CHEST Journal, 141(2_suppl), pp.e1S-e23S. McIntosh, T., Stewart, D., Forbes-McKay, K., McCaig, D. and Cunningham, S., 2016. Influences on prescribing decision-making among non-medical prescribers in the United Kingdom: systematic review. Family practice, 33(6), pp.572-579. Park, I.H., 2016. More options, more considerations: how new treatment options influence clinical decision marketing. Journal of thoracic disease, 8(10), p.E1408. Peek, M.E., Lopez, F.Y., Williams, H.S., Xu, L.J., McNulty, M.C., Acree, M.E. Schneider, J.A., 2016. Development of a conceptual framework for understanding shared decision making among African-American LGBT patients and their clinicians. Journal of general internal medicine, 31(6), pp.677-687. Richter Sundberg, L., Garvare, R. Nystrm, M.E., 2016. Reaching beyond the review of research evidence: A qualitative study of decision-making during clinical guideline development. Thomson, R.G., De Brn, A., Flynn, D., Ternent, L., Price, C.I., Rodgers, H., Ford, G.A., Rudd, M., Lancsar, E., Simpson, S. Teah, J., 2017. Factors that influence variation in clinical decision-making about thrombolysis in the treatment of acute ischaemic stroke: results of a discrete choice experiment. Tsai, K.H., Moskowitz, A.L., Brown, T.E., Park, A.L. Chorpita, B.F., 2016. Interpreting progress feedback to guide clinical decision-making in childrens mental health services. Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research, 43(2), pp.199-206.