Us History LO 23-27 Essay Example for Free

Us History LO 23-27 Essay The Secession of the South was not, initially, a matter of bloodshed. In the beginning the movement toward secession was based solely on legal and political grounds. In the North, te newly elected President Abraham Lincoln vowed to preserve the Union but also vowed not to be the first to spill blood over the crisis of secession. In the South, however, the feeling of euphoria mixed with antagonism toward the North which swept over the Southern states resulted in a crisis-within-a-crisis when the issue of Fort Sumter became the unforeseen trigger of the Civil War. By 1861, in the newly seceded states, the only remaining property in Union hands were two obscure forts in the Florida Keys along with Fort Pickens on an island at the mouth of Pensacola Bay and Fort Sumter on an island in Charleston harbor. Fort Sumter had become a commanding symbol of national sovereignty in the very cradle of secession, a symbol that the Confederate government could not tolerate if it wished its own sovereignty to be recognized by the world. Would Lincoln use force to defend Sumter? 1 In fact, the issue of Fort Sumter was resolved by violence with the Fort surrendering after a short period of bombardment from Confederate forces. This early victory for the South would prove to be pyric in nature as it touched off a larger conflict which they could not hope to win. Only the Southern resourcefulness and conviction in their right to secession prolonged the war as long as it could be prolonged, as the North commanded a superior economy, superior manpower, and superior armaments from the wars beginning to its end. Question 2: Explain the various internal political conflicts in the North, focusing on Copperheadism and the 1864 campaign. By the time of the 1864 elections, there was a strong sentiment brewing in the North for finding an end to the Civil War, whether or not this end would bring about the immediate reintegration of the Southern States into the Union. The Democratic party in tye North chose to run McClellan as a probable peace candidate against Lincoln. This , in turn, brought upon accusations that McClellan was a Souther Sympathizer or a copperhead as they were often called in the A Civil War era. Copperheadism, in fact, became a core issue of the Persidential election; as Union military victories portended a continuation of Lincolns war-policy, Far to the north George B. McClellan digested the news of Atlanta as he wrote his letter accepting the Democratic nomination. If he endorsed the platform, or said nothing about it, he would by implication commit himself to an armistice and negotiations. McClellan felt great pressure from the partys peace faction to do just that 2 Basically, an armistice was desired by certain peace factions in the North who were painted as copperheads by their detractors who supported the continuation of the war. True copperheads were those in the North or border states who were Southern sympathizers. The 1864 election turned out to be a referendum on the war itself, obviously, with McClellan having been successfully painted by his opponents as a peace candidate and perhaps even a copperhead. The Democrats Janus face toward the war presented Republicans with an easy target. 3 Question 3: Explain why the North won the Civil War and why the South lost. The South suffered a military defeat which wa exacerbated by its inabiolity to gain International, specifically European, recognition and thus the ability to break the Union naval blockade and open up to international commerce. The military defeat of the South was total. The Civil War is often called â€Å"the first modern war. † It saw the introduction of rapid-fire weapons. Trenches were first used extensively in battle. The railway and the telegraph were first used in a large-scale war. The campaigns of Lee, Jackson, Grant, Sherman, and Joseph E. Johnston were studied aboard for new concepts of strategy and tactics. At sea, ironclad ships and rifled cannon had made the wooden navies of the world obsolete. Few observers at the start of the American Civil War imagined the ultimate de-evolution of the war from its psuedo-Napoleonic beginnings with armies in formation maneuvering along classical military lines to achieve a tactical advantage. Because so many of the generals on both sides of the war derived their knowledge of battlefield tactics from the same sources, particularly Jomini, and also because many of the generals on either side received training at West Point, the wars beginning gave but a small hint of the total war which would be achieved by the close of 1865. In fact, the realization that much more than battlefield victory would be necessary to put down the Southern rebellion was slow to be reached by Lincolns generals. It was Sherman, perhaps, who first understood the underlying economic nature of the war, realizing that the Union with its superior material and financial power would ultimately prevail. However, his conception of how to convince the South of this truth was founded on a concept of total war, a strategic approach first used on the famous march to the sea. During this late period of the war, Sherman envisioned a dazzling campaign to march his army across Georgia to the sea, tearing the Confederacy asunder, and destroying everything in his path. (Ades, 226) The ensuing destruction wrought havoc and despair on the civilian population of the South and undermined the Souths economic and psychological ability to survive. The idea of war as a psychological tool of destruction was both new and devastatingly powerful. It turned out that the Georgia countryside had an abundance of supplies for Shermans 62,000 strong army. Nearly all the fighting took place on Southern soil, so that section suffered heavy war damage. Some regions, such as central Georgia and the Shenandoah Valley, were deliberately ravaged. Freeing of the slaves added a property loss estimated at $2 billion. The Federal government spent more than $6 billion on the war; the Confederacy, perhaps $ 2 billion. Both sides sustained heavy casualties. There were far more deaths caused by disease than by combat. Estimated total deaths are 360,000 for the union army and 260,000 for the Confederate army.

Ecotourism in South American Countries: Has the Agenda Changed? :: Essays Papers

Ecotourism in South American Countries: Has the Agenda Changed? In many South American countries, there is a program in effect called Ecotourism. When the idea was initially though of, many of the developing countries of South America, had very poor economies as well as many suffering people. To act as a means of improving the status of these poor countries, the idea of Ecotourism was developed. In essence, Ecotourism is a program that permits tourists to visit and explore countries in South America while contributing their foreign capital to local economies. For the tourist, this is a great opportunity to see places of the world that have not been destroyed or inhabited by many. Though the idea of Ecotourism was one with good intentions, the local people in the countries where Ecotourism has been in effect are not gaining much at all. For this reason, I do not think that Ecotourism should be a continuing program in these countries. If the native people (whose best interest was at heart initially) are not benefiting from Ecotourism, then w hy has it been allowed to exist? The answer is simple: greed and selfishness. History of Ecotourism: The idea that led to Ecotourism emerged in the late sixties when people like Oswaldo Muà ±oz, now president of the Ecuadorian Ecotourism Association, started guiding tourists around their countries to view natural wonders. Many companies began to set up lodging near parks and reserves and even began to develop tours of those areas. The vision of showing off exotic plants, animals and the overall natural beauty of countries like Ecuador also attracted them. Yet early on, this did little to help the local economies. It actually contributed to other problems: In Ecuador, half of the country's rain forest disappeared, and environmental groups and other organizations promoting ecotourism flocked to places where endangered species, including many indigenous populations, lived. But with the growing environmental awareness of the seventies and the realization that large resorts like Acapulco and Cancun were devastating to the environment, both governmental and non-governmental organiza tions began to look for ways to both protect the environment and stimulate local economies. Thus ecotourism was born. Ecotourism Today: Ecotourism began in hopes of developing local economies in South American countries while attracting tourists to the natural beauty and exotic wonders of the land. The Vermont-based Ecotourism Society defines it as "responsible travel to natural areas, which conserves the environment and sustains the well-being of local people. Ecotourism in South American Countries: Has the Agenda Changed? :: Essays Papers Ecotourism in South American Countries: Has the Agenda Changed? In many South American countries, there is a program in effect called Ecotourism. When the idea was initially though of, many of the developing countries of South America, had very poor economies as well as many suffering people. To act as a means of improving the status of these poor countries, the idea of Ecotourism was developed. In essence, Ecotourism is a program that permits tourists to visit and explore countries in South America while contributing their foreign capital to local economies. For the tourist, this is a great opportunity to see places of the world that have not been destroyed or inhabited by many. Though the idea of Ecotourism was one with good intentions, the local people in the countries where Ecotourism has been in effect are not gaining much at all. For this reason, I do not think that Ecotourism should be a continuing program in these countries. If the native people (whose best interest was at heart initially) are not benefiting from Ecotourism, then w hy has it been allowed to exist? The answer is simple: greed and selfishness. History of Ecotourism: The idea that led to Ecotourism emerged in the late sixties when people like Oswaldo Muà ±oz, now president of the Ecuadorian Ecotourism Association, started guiding tourists around their countries to view natural wonders. Many companies began to set up lodging near parks and reserves and even began to develop tours of those areas. The vision of showing off exotic plants, animals and the overall natural beauty of countries like Ecuador also attracted them. Yet early on, this did little to help the local economies. It actually contributed to other problems: In Ecuador, half of the country's rain forest disappeared, and environmental groups and other organizations promoting ecotourism flocked to places where endangered species, including many indigenous populations, lived. But with the growing environmental awareness of the seventies and the realization that large resorts like Acapulco and Cancun were devastating to the environment, both governmental and non-governmental organiza tions began to look for ways to both protect the environment and stimulate local economies. Thus ecotourism was born. Ecotourism Today: Ecotourism began in hopes of developing local economies in South American countries while attracting tourists to the natural beauty and exotic wonders of the land. The Vermont-based Ecotourism Society defines it as "responsible travel to natural areas, which conserves the environment and sustains the well-being of local people.

Brutus: the Tragic Hero

Brutus: The Tragic Hero â€Å"A tragic hero is a character who is not eminently good and just, yet whose misfortune is brought about not by vice and depravity, but by some error or frailty. † Brutus fits the definition of a tragic hero because of his lust for power, his tragic flaw, and his downfall. So, because of heroic qualities and poor judgment, Brutus is the tragic hero of William Shakespeare's Julius Caesar. To begin with, Brutus' lust for power is one of the many ways that make him to be the tragic hero.It all started when the conspirators and himself discussed/planned the assassination of Caesar. During the agreement and arrangement of the assassination, is when Brutus gains his power and gets what he wants. He then gets more involved with the killing of Caesar, making him feel more powerful. â€Å"Ay, every man away. Brutus shall lead, and we will grace his heels with the most boldest and best hearts of Rome. † (iii, I, 119-121). Although Brutus can single han dily take over the conspirator group and over rule Cassius, as a tragic hero he is to begin to lose power.This takes place throughout the falling action in act4 when Antony makes the angry mob turn against him. It will eventually lead up to his untimely death/downfall. Secondly, the fact that Brutus has a tragic flaw is another way that makes him the tragic hero. His tragic flaw would be being to noble; which leads to naivety and allows him to be deceived by the characters (mainly Antony) and to his downfall. He shows his flaw by over trusting Antony to speak at Caesar's funeral even when Cassius advised him otherwise, but still Brutus did not listen. Brutus, a word with you. You know not what you do; do not consent that Antony speaks in his funeral; know you how much the people may be moved by that which he will utter? † (iii, I, 232-234). Brutus then fails to listen to his conspirators as they try to persuade him. This demonstrates his tragic flaw clearly as he trusts Antony not to deceive him, and is too naive of his true motives because of his judgment overruling his want of giving Caesar a proper memorial (in order to show his honor).Lastly, Brutus' downfall of him dying at the end of the play also shows of him being the tragic hero. Him committing his suicidal death/downfall ends up making him the noblest Roman of them all. When Brutus finally realizes his role in the destruction of Rome; that was worse than he believed Caesar would have done, he then proceeds with his downfall. â€Å"Farewell, good Strato – Caesar, now be still; I killed not thee with half so good a will† (iiiii, IIIII, 50-51). His final words told his unbearable remorse feeling for Caesar's death.Brutus killing himself is his realization that it is nobler to commit suicide than become captured and dragged through Rome, and a noble man Brutus was. The fact that Brutus has heroic qualities and poor judgment, both make him the tragic hero of Julius Caesar. The way of B rutus showing his qualities is through his lust for power, his tragic flaw of being too noble and naive and finally his downfall (suicide). â€Å"The legacy of heroes is the memory of a great name, and the inheritance of a great example. â€Å"

The Biological Theory Of Crime Causation - 1082 Words

Crime causation is a complex and daunting field. For centuries, philosophers have pondered the meaning of the concept of cause as it pertains to human behavior. Examining why people commit crime is very important in the ongoing debate of how crime should be handled and prevented. A few of the theories that have emerged and continue to be explored are biological, sociological and psychological theories. While individually and in combination, these theories of crime causation affect human behavior and actions. The biological theory of crime causation includes your genes, body type, and traits. Even though the genes you inherit do put you at a risk of anti-social and criminal behavior, their impact depends on the environment you grew†¦show more content†¦38). A couple examples of the sociological theory include the social structure theory and the social conflict theory. The social structure theory takes a different stance imploring the question that if biologic factors explain crimes, then why does most crime take place in bad neighborhoods? Areas with high unemployment, low-performing and underfunded schools, or citizens with low socioeconomic status are more likely to produce criminals. This can cause conflict, which then ascends between people’s goals and the methods used to obtain them. The social conflict theory’s foundations lie in Marxism/Conflict Theory, where people and gouples interact on the basis of conflict rather than consensus. Concerns of this theory are the role of government in creating a criminogenic (tending to produce crime) environment, the relationship between a capitalist, free enterprise economy and crime rates, and the prevalence of bias in the justice system (Regis University, 2017). Furthermore, with the psychological theory, it may include motivational, inhibiting, decision-making, and learning processes (Farrington, 1993). The most common motivational idea is that people (and especially children) are naturally self-indulgent and selfish, seeking pleasure and avoiding pain, and hence that childrenShow MoreRelatedThe Theories Of Crime Causation1076 Words   |  5 Pages This paper will examine the three main theories of crime causation which comprise the Criminological Theory as well as provide some examples of each. The three main theories of crime causation are biological, sociological and psychological. Each of the three theories have come a long way since their inception and continue to be updated due to new findings through technological and medical advances. 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